Form 1 NATIONAL RAILROAD ADJUSTMENT BOARD Award No. 10927
SECOND DIVISION Docket No. 10626
2-SSR-MA-'86
The Second Division consisted of the regular members and in
addition Referee Jonathan Klein when award was rendered.
( International Association of Machinists
( and Aerospace Workers
Parties to Dispute:
( Seaboard System Railroad
Dispute: Claim of Employes:
1. That,the Seaboard System Railroad Company violated the controlling agreement when it improperly disqualified Machinist
K. E. Gallagher, Jr. from holding any assignment requiring
him to perform service on Thursday and Sunday, effective
March 2, 1983.
2. That accordingly, the Seaboard System Railroad be ordered to
compensate Machinist Gallagher for all pay and benefits lost
(made whole) as a result of the above disqualification.
FINDINGS:
The Second Division of the Adjustment Board, upon the whole record and
all the evidence, finds that:
The carrier or carriers and the employe or employes involved in this
dispute are respectively carrier and employes within the meaning of the
Railway Labor Act as approved June 21, 1934.
This Division of the Adjustment Board has jurisdiction over the dispute
involved herein.
Parties to said dispute waived right of appearance at hearing thereon.
In November, 1982, the Claimant was employed as a Machinist at Carrier's
Tampa, Florida facility known as the Uceta Shops. Sometime during the Spring
of 1982, Claimant assumed the position of pastor in a local Pentecostal
Church. Claimant received no compensation for the services he rendered to the
members of the church and church services were conducted in Claimant's home.
Through a series of force reductions and bumping of other employes in
accordance with the seniority provisions of the Collective Bargaining Agreement, not clearly documented by the record, Claimant was scheduled to work the
Form 1 Award No. 10927
Page 2 Docket No. 10626
2-SSR-MA-'86
Too
second shift from 3:30 P.M. - 11:30 P.M. with Tuesday and Wednesday as his consecutive rest days at the time this Claim arose. Due to a conflict between
his work schedules and church related activities, the evidence shows that Claimant was absent from his shift without permission on three separate Sundays,
November 7, 14 and 28, 1982.
A careful review of the record reveals the presence of sufficient credible evidence that Claimant failed to comply with Rule 26 of the applicable
Agreement. Claimant telephoned the Carrier, shortly before the start of his
shift on the dates in question, and announced he would not report for personal
reasons. Claimant never received permission to absent himself from his scheduled shift on these dates. While it was disputed whether the Claimant informed the Carrier on one of the three Sundays that he could not report due to conflict with his pastoral duties, the fact remains that Claimant did not have
permission to absent himself from his work assignment for each of the three
Sunday shifts.
The Board finds there is no evidence, as the Organization contends, that
the Hearing Officer was incapable of conducting a fair and impartial Investigation due to his participation in a prior Investigation of Claimant on similar charges. Nor does the Board find evidence of record to substantiate Claimant's position that he properly exercised his contractual rights to report
off from his assigned shift.
Further, based upon the scant record of the Investigation, the Board can-
not determine the extent to which Claimant's religious beliefs precluded work ''
on Sunday as his Sabbath, or whether Claimant merely elected to pursue option
al religious activities to the detriment of his job commitment with Carrier.
Even if the Board assumes that Claimant was precluded by his religious beliefs
from working on Sunday, the Board finds the Claim to be without merit for the
following reasons.
First, the Board notes that Claimant received a twenty day suspension
for the same offense which was upheld in Second Division Award. No. 10613.
Second, the Claimant is not the only employe to experience similar rejection
of so-called religious accommodation claims. Second Division Awards No.
10121, 10401. Third, the Board finds that Claimant persisted in absenting
himself on November 14, 1982, without permission and without requesting accommodation by the Carrier even though he had been subject to an Investigation on
similar charges only 4 days earlier.
Fourth, the Carrier has argued before this Board that it was not required to circumvent or violate the Collective Bargaining Agreement to accommodate the religious beliefs of Claimant. The parties are in apparent Agreement that Claimant was placed in his present dilemma through the operation of
the seniority system in effect at the time of the force reductions and later,
his disqualification from Thursday and Sunday employment. The Organization
cites no authority to support its contention that Claimant be assigned a split
shift to accommodate his pastoral duties. Indeed, the Supreme Court in Trans
World Airlines, Inc. v. Hardison, 432 U.S. 65, 79 (1977), rejected the petitioner's argument that the airline work out a shift or job swap to accommodate
his refusal to work on his Sabbath.
Form 1 Award No. 10927
Page 3 Docket No. 10626
2-SSR-MA-'86
"We agree that neither a collective-bargaining contract
nor a seniority system may be employed to violate the
statute [Title VII], but we do not believe that the duty
to accommodate requires TWA to take steps inconsistent
with the otherwise valid agreement. Collective bargain
ing, aimed at effecting workable and enforceable agree
ments between management and labor, lies at the core of
our national labor policy, and seniority provisions are
universally included in these contracts. Without a clear
and express indication from Congress, we cannot agree with
Hardison and the EEOC that an agreed-upon seniority system
must give way when necessary to accommodate religious obser
vances". (Emphasis supplied).
Claimant admitted at the Investigation that since mid-September, 1982,
he was absent from Carrier's service on an average of one day a week. The
Board finds that Claimant rendered only four days of service per week, rather
than the five required by contract. In rejecting a similar 4-day schedule,
the court in Trans World Airlines, Inc. v. Hardison, supra, noted at 432 U.S.
84, that this form of accommodation would itself constitute unequal treatment
based on religion:
"To require TWA to bear more than a _de minimis cost in order
to give Hardison Saturdays off is an undue hardship. Like
abandonment of the seniority system, to require TWA to bear
additional costs when no such costs are incurred to give other
employees the days off that they want would involve unequal
treatment of employees on the basis of their religion. By
suggesting that TWA should incur certain costs in order to give
Hardison Saturdays o_f the Court of Appeals would in effect
require TWA to finance an additional Saturday off and then to
choose the employee who will enjoy it on the basis of his religious beliefs. While incurring extra costs to secure replacement for Hardison might remove the necessity of compelling another employee to work involuntarily in Hardison's place, it
would not change the fact that the privilege of having Saturdays
off would be allocated according to religious beliefs."
(Footnotes omitted).
A W A R D
Claim denied.
Form 1 Award No. 10927
Page 4 Docket No. 10626
2-SSR-MA-'86
law
NATIONAL RAILROAD ADJUSTMENT BOARD
By Order of Second Division
Attest:
Nancy J. ver·- Executive Secretary
Dated at Chicago, Illinois this 16th day of July 1986.