Form 1 NATIONAL RAILROAD ADJUSTMENT BOARD Award No. 29266
THIRD DIVISION Docket No. CL-29350
92-3-90-3-259
The Third Division consisted of the regular members and in
addition Referee John B. LaRocco when award was rendered.
(Transportation Communications International Union
PARTIES TO DISPUTE:
(National Railroad Passenger Corporation (Amtrak)
STATEMENT OF CLAIM:
"(Carrier's File No. TCU-TC-3230/TCU File No. 393-119-089)
Claim of the System Committee of the Brotherhood (GL-10454) that:
1. Carrier violated Rule 812, 1114, lI28 and other related rules of
the Agreement, beginning May 5, 1989 when it failed to safeguard Claimant Irma
Pittman's health, and continuing thru and including May 23, 1989, during which
time it failed to compensate Claimant for wages lost due to her being disabled
by illness resulting from her inhalation of toxic gas while on duty at the
WRSO on May 5, 1989.
2. Carrier shall now compensate Claimant for all wages lost from her
regular assignment plus all overtime that she would have been eligible to work
beginning May 5, 1989, thru and including May 23, 1989. Carrier shall also
compensate Claimant for all unreimbursed medical expenses incurred as a result
of her aforementioned exposure."
FINDINGS:
The Third Division of the Adjustment Board upon the whole record
and all the evidence, finds that:
The carrier or carriers and the employe or employes involved in this
dispute are respectively carrier and employes within the meaning of the
Railway Labor Act as approved June 21, 1934.
This Division of the Adjustment Board has jurisdiction over the
dispute involved herein.
Parties to said dispute waived right of appearance at hearing thereon.
The Carrier's Western Reservation Sales Office (WRSO) is situated on
the eighth floor of a downtown Los Angeles, California building. The Carrier
leases the office space and staffs the office with Reservation Sales Agents.
The building is managed by FAB Enterprises (FAB), although the record is unclear if FAB is also the
Carrier's landlord.
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At 10:30 A. M. on May 5, 1989, several Reservations Sales Agents informed the WRSO Director that the
about the same time, the Director also detected an odor of gasoline in the
office. :Then he went to investigate the odor,.the Director encountered a
building maintenance man and the Los Angeles Fire Department (LAFD), both
trying to detect the source of the noxious odor. At 11:00 A.M., the LAFD
advised all persons to evacuate the building. The building was evacuated.
Approximately seven employees were treated for nausea and vomiting. One and
one-half hours later, the LAFD allowed Carrier employees to return to their
work stations on the eighth floor, although the LAFD had been unsuccessful in
discovering the source of the odor. The odor had dissipated, but the LAFD
warned the WRSO Director that the odor could recur at any time.
4t 1:00 P.M., several employees again smelled the unpleasant odor and
became i11. A short time later, the LAFD ordered another building evacuation
and the 200 WRSO employees on duty left the building. Fifteen to twenty employees were treated by pa
Later in the day, the LAFD determined that the probable cause of
the odor was a broken sewer line on the ninth floor, immediately above the
WRSO. Building maintenance personnel had evidently worked near the sewer
line, ruptured it, but did not adequately repair the hole. As a result, sewer
gas seeped from the line into a nearby air conditioning intake vent. The gas
then circulated through the air conditioning system in the WRSO.
Claimant experienced headaches, blurred vision, nausea and a mild
stomach disorder. She was treated by her own physician as well as an
ophthalmologist. Due to these symptoms, Claimant was off work from May 5,
through »y 23, 1989.
In a Memorandum dated May 8, 1989, the Carrier informed WRSO Reservations Sales Agents that while it
1989, it would not pay them for any medical expenses or lost time as a result
of the foul odor incident. The Carrier urged the Agents to contact FAB for
reimbursement of lost wages and medical expenses.
For the first time in its Submission to this Board, the Carrier questioned whether or not Claimant w
ill, whether her maladies resulted from the mildly noxious odor present in the
WRSO on Hay 5, 1989. Since these arguments were not raised on the property,
we must accept the Organization's unrefuted assertion that' Claimant lost wages
and incurred medical expenses as a direct and proximate cause of the sewer gas
leak. Also we note that in the May 8, 1989 Memorandum, the Carrier conceded
that many employees sustained injuries due to the inhalation of fumes emanating from the open sewer
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The Organization asserts that under Rule 28 of the applicable Agreement, the Carrier is obligate
healthy working environment. In this case, the Organization charges that the
Carrier not only failed to provide a healthy working atmosphere for its employees, but it also delib
According to the Organization, the Carrier knew, after the first evacuation,
that many employees were vomiting and the source of the odor was still unknown
(so it could resume at any moment), and yet the Carrier callously directed its
employees to return to the potentially poisonous office. The Organization
alleges that if the Carrier had not insisted that the employees return to
their work stations, most of the employees would not have suffered any illness. The Organization con
health and welfare of its workers. Finally, the Organization argues that the
Carrier may not simply pass off its inviolate obligation to provide a healthy
work environment to the building landlord.
The Carrier submits that it cannot be faulted for the unfortunate
incident. The Carrier stresses that it was not responsible for building
maintenance, including broken sewer pipes. Moreover, the Carrier argues that
no Rule in the applicable Agreement mandates the Carrier to reimburse its
employees their medical expenses and lost wages resulting from on-the-job
injuries. The Carrier takes vigorous exception to the Organization's argument
that it did not provide a safe work place for Reservations Sales Agents. The
Carrier complied with all LAFD directives and evacuated the building twice.
The Carrier points out that there are approximately 200 employees in the WRSO
and most were unaffected by the odor. Lastly, the Carrier argues that employees could have sought co
losses, through the Federal Employer's Liability Act or the Carrier's Claim
Department.
After this case was docketed with the Board, the Carrier Member
challenged our jurisdiction to adjudicate this Claim. As the Carrier Member
points out, a jurisdictional contention may be raised at any time. (Third
Division Awards 27575, 20832, 20165, 19527, 18577.) In essence, the Carrier
argued that its Claims Department, as opposed to the grievance procedure and
appeals process, is the exclusive forum for handling claims for compensatory
damages emanating from on-duty injuries.
For two reasons, we conclude that this Board may assert jurisdiction
over this Claim. First, the Carrier is estopped from arguing that its Claims
Department is the exclusive avenue for resolving this Claim inasmuch as, after
the incident, the Carrier directed Claimant to seek compensation for lost
wages and medical expenses from FAB, rather than its Claims Department. Since
the Carrier unilaterally blocked Claimant from obtaining redress through its
Claims Department, the Carrier may not now assert that only its Claims Department has jurisdiction t
contains an express provision, Rule 28, which, as we will discuss later,
applies to the specific facts herein. The presence of Rule 28 vests this
Board with authority to fashion the appropriate remedy if the Carrier has
violated the Rule.
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No. CL-29350
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Rule
28
provides:
"It is the policy of the company to safeguard the
health and safety of employees. Both the company and
the employees shall cooperate in maintaining safe and
sanitary conditions of company facilities."
This Board finds that, in Rule
28,
the parties confirmed the Car-
rier's policy to safeguard the health and safety of its employees. The
parties raised the Carrier's policy to the status of a contractual obligation.
Inherent in this obligation is the Carrier's duty to insure that the work
place is free of hazards even if the hazard is beyond the Carrier's direct
control. Rule
28 is
not fault-based. Rather, the Carrier assumed a general,
contractual obligation to provide a healthy and safe work environment, without
regard to the Carrier's negligence. Thus, the Carrier was ultimately respons
ible for the unhealthy fumes at the WRSO.
Reservations Sales Agents did not have any contractual relationship
with the landlord. Thus, while the employees may have had a tort claim
against the landlord, it would be difficult for the employees to take on the
burden of proving the landlord's negligence. As between FAB and the Carrier,
the latter had a direct, contractual duty to its employees. The Carrier, as
opposed to the workers, can exert more control over the landlord's maintenance
of the building and the prevention of toxic gas leaks. Therefore, the Carrier
was the primary obligor to Claimant herein.
Of course, the Carrier may seek indemnification from FAB for any sums
it must pay its employees. Whether or not the Carrier was at fault for the
sewer gas leak or was negligent for not taking more immediate steps to evacuate the building is a ma
and FAB, the Carrier's landlord.
The grievance procedure is not the ordinary process for employees to
utilize to obtain redress for on-the-job injuries. This Board is not an
expert at determining the validity of Claimant's medical expenses. In the
record, Claimant failed to substantiate any sum she incurred for her medical
treatment. Nevertheless, while we must deny Claimant's request for reimbursement of her alleged medi
her lost wages without prejudice to any rights she might have to make a claim
for medical expenses with the Carrier's Claims Department or to pursue other
legal remedies. Under the unique facts in this case, Rule
28 is
sufficient to
permit a sustaining Claim for lost wages in view of the surrounding circumstances, especially the Ca
FAB. Therefore, the Carrier shall pay Claimant for wages she lost between May
5,
and May
23, 1989.
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This Board emphasizes that its remedy is restricted to the peculiar
and unusual facts in the record before us. Also, nothing in this Opinion
should be construed to mean that this Board will routinely accept jurisdiction
over claims filed by employees seeking compensatory damages for on-duty and on
property personal injuries. (Fourth Division Award 4839.) Our assertion of
jurisdiction over this case is narrowly limited to unique circumstances mani
fested in this Claim.
A W A R D
Claim sustained _n accordance with the Findings.
NATIONAL RAILROAD ADJUSTMENT BOARD
By Order of Third Division
Attest
Nancy J -Executive Secretary
Dated at Chicago, Illinois, this 12th day of June 1992.