Form 1 NATIONAL RAILROAD ADJUSTMENT BOARD
THIRD DIVISION
Award No. 35047
Docket No. MW-34444
00-3-98-3-64
The Third Division consisted of the regular members and in addition Referee
Barry E. Simon when award was rendered.
(Brotherhood of Maintenance of Way Employes
PARTIES TO DISPUTE:
(CSX Transportation, Inc. (former Clinchfield
( Railroad Company)
STATEMENT OF CLAIM:
"Claim of the System Committee of the Brotherhood that:
(1) The Agreement was violated when the Carrier assigned outside
forces (Philip and Jordon Contractors) to maintenance of way
work (install a bin wall, dig a ditch, bolt metal panels together, set
panels in place and dump rock behind the wall) at Mile Post 154.2
to Mile Post 154.8 near Pigeon Roost, North Carolina on October
16, 1996 and continuing [Carrier's File 12(97-0373) CLR].
(2) The Agreement was further violated when the Carrier failed to
grant and hold a requested conference to discuss its notice of intent
to contract out the work in question or to make a good-faith effort
to reduce the incidence of contracting out scope covered work and
increase the use of its Maintenance of Way forces as required by
Rule 48 and the December 11, 1981 Letter of Understanding.
(3) As a consequence of the violations referred to in Parts (1) and/or
(2) above, Messrs. D. V. Brewer, J. A. Williams, F. Flanary, J.
Byrd, R. D. Garland, R. D. Hollifield, G. E. Griffith and G. K.
Willis shall each be compensated at their respective and applicable
rates of pay for three hundred ninety (390) hours' pay for the
man-hours expended by the outside forces on October 16 through
November 4, 1996 and for an equal proportionate share of the
total number of man-hours expended by the outside forces
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subsequent to November 4,1996 and continuing until the violation
ceased."
FINDINGS:
The Third Division of the Adjustment Board, upon the whole record and all the
evidence, finds that:
The carrier or carriers and the employee or employees involved in this dispute
are respectively carrier and employee within the meaning of the Railway Labor Act,
as approved June 21, 1934.
This Division of the Adjustment Board has jurisdiction over the dispute involved
herein.
Parties to said dispute were given due notice of hearing thereon.
By letter dated July 22, 1996, the Carrier advised the Organization as follows:
"This will serve as the Carrier's notice of intent to contract for the
equipment rental, with operators, for the purpose of the installation and
backfilling of prefabricated steel bin walls and gabion shoulder walls to
stabilize embankment slopes between mile post Z-154.5 and mile post 2155.0, near Huntdale, North Car
the former Clinchfield Railroad.
Although it is the Carrier's position that this work is not that of the
character of work which exclusively accrues to Maintenance of Way
Employees, this notice is in keeping with our commitment to advise you
of when Contractors will be performing work on or near our property.
As you are aware, the existing embankment slope failure has been tied to
the cause of three train derailments and the need to have this work done
as soon as possible is to ensure the continued safe operation of trains.
The project involves work on a very unstable roadbed requiring the
expertise of equipment operators specializing in the stabilization of
landslides. Therefore, we have no alternative to contracting this work
due to the fact that we do not have available employees who possess the
Form I Award No. 35047
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skills necessary, nor the equipment available, with which the work may
be done.
This notice fully satisfies the Carrier's obligation concerning contracting
matters under the terms of the applicable Agreement."
The Organization responded to this notice by letter dated July 26, 1996,
requesting a conference to discuss the matter. Throughout the handling of this claim
on the property, and in its Submission to the Board, the Carrier denied ever receiving
the Organization's July 26, 1996 letter. At the Referee Hearing before the Board,
however, the Manager of Labor Relations acknowledged the Carrier received the letter
on August 6, 1996, but explained it was not given to the appropriate official for
handling. Consequently, no conference was held.
Rule 48 of the parties' Agreement, taken from Article IV of the May 17, 1968,
National Agreement, provides as follows:
"RULE 48 - CONTRACTING OUT
In the event a carrier plans to contract out work within the scope of the
applicable schedule agreement, the carrier shall notify the General
Chairman of the organization involved in writing as far in advance of the
date of the contracting transaction as is practicable and in any event not
less than 15 days prior thereto.
If the General Chairman, or his representative, requests a meeting to
discuss matters relating to the said contracting transaction, the
designated representative of the carrier shall promptly meet with him for
that purpose. Said carrier and organization representative shall make a
good faith attempt to reach an understanding concerning said
contracting, but if no understanding is reached the carrier may
nevertheless proceed with said contracting, and the organization may file
and progress claims in connection therewith.
Nothing in this Rule shall affect the existing rights of either party in
connection with contracting out. Its purpose is to require the carrier to
give advance notice and, if requested, to meet with the General Chairman
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or his representative to discuss and if possible reach an understanding in
connection therewith."
This issue was again addressed on the national level in the December 11, 1981,
letter between Charles I. Hopkins, Jr., on behalf of the National Carriers' Conference
Committee, and O. M. Berge, President of the Brotherhood of Maintenance of Way
Employes. In that letter, Mr. Hopkins wrote:
"The carriers assure you that they will assert good-faith efforts to reduce
the incidence of subcontracting and increase the use of their maintenance
of way forces to the extent practicable, including the procurement of
rental equipment and operation thereof by carrier employees.
The parties jointly reaffirm the intent of Article IV of the May 17, 1968
Agreement that advance notice requirements be strictly adhered to and
encourage the parties locally to take advantage of the good faith
discussions provided for to reconcile any differences. In the interests of
improving communications between the parties on subcontracting, the
advance notices shall identify the work to be contracted and the reasons
therefor."
With regard to the primary portion of the claim, the Carrier made a convincing
argument that the work performed may have required design and engineering skills
of a specialized nature to prevent landslides. There is, however, no indication in the
record of any special equipment used, or the need for the operators of that equipment
to have any special expertise. We conclude, on the basis of the record before us, that
the work in question could have been performed by the Claimants.
As to the second part of the claim, there is no question that the Carrier violated
the Agreement by not affording the Organization an opportunity to discuss its Notice
of Intent to subcontract in conference. The Carrier acknowledges it received a timely
and proper request for the conference, but failed to respond because it was not
brought to the attention of the proper official. The fault for this lies entirely with the
Carrier. It does not matter that the Organization did not file another request for a
conference or otherwise pursue the matter. The Agreement requires only one request
on the part of the Organization. The Carrier is then required to meet. Its failure to
do so constitutes a violation of the Agreement.
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While the Carrier asserts it is not guilty of bad faith, we note that the Manager
of Labor Relations averred the receipt of the request for conference was admitted to
the Organization when the claim was discussed on the property. Nevertheless, the
Submission before the Board repeats the Carrier's erroneous argument that no request
was ever received. We are perplexed as to why the Carrier, in its Submission, would
not relate the facts as they were known at the time.
The Organization avers the Carrier has a history of failing to comply with the
notice requirements of Rule 48. In support of this argument, it cites Third Division
Award 22917, involving the Seaboard Coast Line, a predecessor of the Carrier. That
Award stated, in part, as follows:
". . . Rule 2 was intended to require as a condition precedent to
contracting out Maintenance of Way work that the Assistant Vice
President, Engineering and Maintenance of Way and the General
Chairman confer and reach an understanding setting forth the conditions
under which the work will be performed. It is clear, simple and
unambiguous language and directly applicable to the facts herein. In
prior Third Division cases involving the same parties, albeit different fact
situations, we have held in conceptually analogous disputes that conferral
was a necessary requirement. We find that it was required here. (See for
example, Third Division Awards 22591, 22274 and 18287). Carrier
violated Rule 2 when it didn't confer with the Chairman regarding the
leasing of said equipment and we are compelled to sustain the first part
of the claim."
Although no remedy was awarded in that case, the Organization cited no fewer
than 26 later Third Division Awards involving the Carrier, covering a period of time
from May 1988 (Award 30964) through November 1993 (Award 33324) wherein itwas
found that the Carrier violated the notice provisions of contracting out Rules either by
not serving a proper notice or not satisfying the Organization's request for a
conference. In each of these cases, the Board sustained the Organization's claim,
notwithstanding the Carrier's assertion the claimants therein were fully employed and
not deprived of work opportunities as a result of the contracting out. In Award 31762,
the Board wrote:
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"Consequently, since we have determined that a violation occurred, we
must next determine the appropriate remedy. We note for the record
that this is not the first time that this particular Carrier failed to comply
with the prenotification requirement. (See Third Division Awards 24399,
26436, 26791, and 28486.)
Given the previous past violations of this Carrier and this Division's
findings that contracting out violation may qualify for penalty payments
without proof of actual damages if the Organization can establish
repeated violations, which it has done here, we will sustain this claim as
presented."
Similarly, in Award 32435, the Board wrote:
"With respect to the monetary portion of this claim, the Carrier raised
the "full employment" issue as an affirmative defense, however, it failed
to submit evidence in support of that defense. Moreover, given the
blatant nature of the dual violation, monetary damages are in order to
compensate Claimants for the lost work opportunity and to stimulate
compliance with the subcontracting notification and Scope provisions of
the Agreement. This claim must be sustained."
Finally, in Award 32866, the Board held:
"Third, with respect to the remedy, the fact that Claimants were working
during the time the contractor performed the work does not deprive them
of a remedy. The Carrier's actions resulted in a loss of work
opportunities for the covered employees. Had the Carrier engaged in the
conference as required, the parties may well have been able to agree upon
a method whereby covered employees could have performed the work."
In the instant case, by not responding to the Organization's request for a
conference, the Carrier foreclosed any opportunity to explore how the Claimants
might have been able to perform the work in question. In light of the numerous
Awards between these parties, and the proven violations of the Agreement, we are
compelled to follow the established precedents and sustain the claim.
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AWARD
Claim sustained.
ORDER
This Board, after consideration of the dispute identified above, hereby orders
that an award favorable to the Claimant(s) be made. The Carrier is ordered to make
the Award effective on or before 30 days following the postmark date the Award is
transmitted to the parties.
NATIONAL RAILROAD ADJUSTMENT BOARD
By Order of Third Division
Dated at Chicago, Illinois, this 25th day of October, 2000.
CARRIER MEMBERS' DISSENT
TO
THIRD DIVISION AWARD 35047
DOCKET MW-34444
(Referee Barry E. Simon)
The Majority determined that the Carrier violated the Agreement because it
failed to schedule a conference with the General Chairman to discuss its notice of intent
to contract out the work at issue. While we think that such holding was erroneous, we
are even more concerned with the rationale given for the award of damages.
First, the Majority erroneously states:
"While the Carrier asserts it is not guilty of bad faith, we note that the
Manager of Labor Relations averred the receipt of the request for
conferencewas admitted to the Organization when the claim was discussed
on the property. Nevertheless, the Submission before the Board repeats
the Carrier's erroneous argument that no request was ever received. We
are perplexed as to why the Carrier, in its Submission, would not relate the
facts as they were known at the time."
No such acknowledgment was made during the Referee Hearing. On the
contrary, the Manager of Labor Relations stated that during handling on the property,
he informed the General Chairman that the Carrier had no record of receiving the
Organization's request for a conference in July 1996, and that the belated presentation
of that request during a conference in August 1997 did not change that fact. The
Manager of Labor Relations informed the Board that he located the 1996 request in an
unrelated file while preparing for the Referee Hearing. Therefore, there was no reason
for the Majority to be perplexed as to why the author of the Carrier's Submission, who
was not the Manager of Labor Relations, continued to argue that the Carrier simply had
no record of the request. As regards the alleged bad faith, we note that the Manager of
Labor Relations could have simply concealed his belated discovery, or chosen not to
attend the Referee Hearing. Ironically, the Carrier was found guilty of acting in bad
faith because the Manager of Labor Relations told the truth.
Second, the Majority stated that its reliance on the Carrier's perceived history of
failing to comply with the notice requirements of Rule 48 was based on 27 Third Division
Awards. The fact is that not one of them was rendered on the former Clinchfield
roe . Although this fact was pointed out during the Referee Hearing, the Majority
chose to ignore substance in favor of hyperbole. Further, while those Awards involved
former CSXT properties, they ranged over a period of six years (1988 to 1993), during
which time CSXT component roads filed hundreds of notices of intent to contract out
CARRIER MEMBERS' DISSENT
THIRD DIVISION AWARD 35047
Page 2
work. In other words, the Majority found that because the Carrier lost arbitration cases
involving a very small percentage of contracting out cases, it is a "repeat offender."
Further, nearly all thoseAwards involved the Carrier's failure to provide advance notice
of its intent to contract out work, as opposed to failure to schedule a conference.
Third, the Awards cited by the Majority in support of paying damages to fully
employed Claimants did not involve the Clinchfield Railroad, and citation of those
Awards is perplexing. Two of those Awards involved disputes on the former
Chesapeake & Ohio Railway Company, and the other involved a dispute on the former
Seaboard Coast Line Railroad. There simply is no history of the Carrier's failure to
comply with the notice and conference provisions of Rule 48 of the Clinchlield Railroad
Agreement with the Organization. This one failure to schedule a conference, which was
occasioned by an inadvertent error, and not an act of bad faith, was obviously a rare
event. Although the point was made during the Referee Hearing, the Majority chose to
ignore it in favor of the misinformation presented by the Organization.
Fourth, the Majority completely ignored the fact that the Claimants were not
furloughed, as BMWE represented, but rather were working on System Production
Gangs at the time. BMWE further asserted, erroneously, that the Claimants would
have preferred to work at home on this project, but were forced to work on System
Production. As noted on the property and during the Referee Hearing, the Claimants
regularly choose to work System Production because it is much more lucrative work.
It is apparent that the Majority was swayed by Organization assertions that were
not supported by the facts. It is unfortunate. The "rationale" given by the Majority for
paying the fully employed Claimants was fatally flawed. Under the circumstances, we
must dissent.
Michael C. Lesnik '
- *,- 1-0 -
Martin W. Fingerbut
~9 llyalo~-
Paul V. Varga