In the Matter of Arbitration
Between
United Transportation Union
("Organization")
And
The Atchison, Topeka and
Santa Fe Railway Company
("Carrier" or "Santa Fe")
OPINION AND AWARD
BACKGROUND: The dispute before this Arbitration Committee arose
because the Carrier, in February 1989, sold a small segment of its
railroad system identified as the Peoria Subdivision.
The significant events leading to the dispute began on December 17,
1980 when the Interstate Commerce Commission (the "ICC") in Finance
Docket No. 29217 approved the application by the Santa Fe Railroad to
purchase the remaining outstanding shares of the Toledo, Peoria and
Western Railroad Company (the "TP&W"). As a result, the Santa Fe
became the sole owner of the TP&W. As a condition for the Carrier to
exercise its authority to purchase the TP&W, the ICC imposed employee
protective conditions set forth in New York Dock RY - Control - Brooklyn
Eastern Dist., 360 I.C.C. 60 (1979) ("New York Dock"). The TP&W operated
as a bridge carrier between eastern and western railroads, operating
from Keokuk, Iowa to Logansport, Indiana and, in general, serviced
Peoria and Central Illinois. Although the TP&W was then wholly owned
by the Santa Fe, it was operated as a separate subsidiary corporation.
Subsequently, in August 1983, the Santa Fe and the TP&W filed a "Notice
of
exemption
" with the ICC, proposing to merge their systems. This
proposal was approved by the ICC in Finance Docket No. 30249 dated
August 23, 1983. Thereafter, the TP&W became the Carrier's "Peoria
District". It was agreed that employees would be protected in their
service. The ICC, as it had done earlier on December 17, 1980 when it
granted the Carrier authority to acquire control of the TP&W, imposed
New York Dock conditions for the protection of any employees affected
by the transaction.
Directly in anticipation of the merger, the Organization (the
United Transportation Union ("'UTU" ) , the
TP&W and the Carrier
all entered into negotiations pursuant to Article 1, Section 4 of the
New York Dock conditions for an Implementing Agreement. Subsequently,
on September 14, 1983, the parties executed a document titled "Memo
randum of Agreement" to be effective December 31, 1983. It reads, in
pertinent part:
MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT between the Atchison, Tdpeka
and Santa Fe Railway Company and the Toledo, Peoria and
Western Railroad Company and their employes represented
by the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers and United
Transportation Union.
In connection with the contemplated merger of Santa Fe
and TP&W, it is agreed:
Since neither TP&W nor Santa Fe contemplates discontinuance
of any service or operation over the other party's territory there will be no dismissal or displacement of any
employes, or rearrangement of forces as result of the -
Santa Fe-TP&W merger. As indicated, present TP&W will
simply become another seniority district, to be known as
the "Peoria District", and each employe will continue to
protect the service to which now entitled.
Also, the Carrier has no desire to make any changes, in
whole or in part, in any of the current Agreement rules
or seniority rights of any party on either TP&W or Santa
Fe. Even though, an implementing agreement is not required under the provisions of Section 4 of the New York
Dock conditions when a merger does not cause the dismissal
or displacement.of any employes, or rearrangement of forces,
the Carrier agrees the New York Dock conditions will be
applicable to Santa Fe and TP&W train, engine and yardmen
holding seniority, as such, as of the effective date of
the Santa Fe-TP&W merger. If at some future date Santa
Fe-TP&W undertakes a transaction, that causes dismissal
or displacement of employes, or rearrangement of forces,
the parties will meet to implement application of New
York Dock conditions, and existing time limit rules will
apply in the interim.
On January 1, 1984, the merger was consumated. On September 4,
1987, the TP&W Acquisition Corporation ("TPWA") filed with the ICC
a "Notice of Exemption" to acquire and operate the Peoria District,
which by then had been designated as the Peoria Subdivision. The
TP&W, at that point, was not a rail carrier. Six days later, on
September 10, 1987, the Organization (Local 1815) filed a request with
the ICC for a "stay to revoke, and/or for an investigation" of TPWA's
exemption request. This request included a provision which essentially
sought employee protective conditions and sought a stay until meetings
with the seller and buyer could be arranged concerning major issues of
concern to the Organization. The record shows that on September 9,
1987 the Railway Labor Executive's Association ("RLEA") and the Organization's National Legislative Director respectively joined in the
request for a stay of TPWA's exemption. (The RLEA Protest of September
9, 1987 is not in the record, but was referenced by the National Legislative Director in his letter of September 15, 1987 to the ICC which
is of record.)
On September 23, 1987, the ICC released its decision, dated
September 16, 1987, on the Organization's September 10, 1987 petition
(Finance Docket No. 31113). The ICC denied the petition for a stay
and in pertinent part stated:
There is no evidence that petitioner will suffer
irreparable harm if we deny this stay petition, or
that TPWA and AT-OF will not be substantially harmed
if we grant it. UTU has also failed to demonstrate
that it will likely prevail on the merits or that
the relief petitioner seeks will be in the public
interest. Indeed, UTU's position fails even to
address any of the relevant stay criteria. Consequently, UTU's request for a stay of the effective
date of this exemption notice will be denied.
However, because this decision did not address the requests made
by RLEA and the Organization's National Legislative Director concerning
this matter (noted earlier), the ICC served Finance Docket No. 31113
on November 9, 1987. The ICC concluded that it would not "institute
an investigation" or "impose labor protection".
Because the issues of concern to the RLEA and the labor organizations it represented were not resolved, the RLEA threatened to call
a strike over the Carrier's entire system. The Carrier, on November 16,
1987, sought a court ordered injunction against the threatened strike.
Two days later, in the same court, the RLEA and others sued the Carrier
and TPWA. In relevant part, they sought an injunction against the sale
of the Peoria Subdivision pending resolution of the issues that could
affect the employees. The RLEA and others also requested the court to
impose New York Dock protective conditions on the Peoria Subdivision.
Following a series of court orders and opinions, the Santa Fe's
position essentially prevailed. However, in the interim, on November
13, 1987, the Organization wrote to the Carrier and asserted that, in
accordance with the Memorandum of Agreement dated September 14, 1983, a
meeting was in order to "implement,application" of the New York Dock
conditions for its members.
There followed a series of letters between the parties and meetings
without resolution of the Organization's claim. Thereafter, the matter
was progressed to this Arbitration Committee for a decision on the
following questions:
ORGANIZATION QUESTION
Was the Santa Fe's sale of its Peoria Subdivision
(encompassing the former Toledo, Peoria and Western
Railroad Company) a "transaction" contemplated within
the meaning of the September 14, 1983 merger agreement
between the Organization and the Carrier?
CARRIER QUESTION
Was Santa Fe's sale of its Peoria Subdivision (which
encompassed properties of the former Toledo, Peoria
and Western Railroad Company) on February 3, 1989,
a "transaction" within the meaning of the Interstate
Commerce Act, the New York Dock conditions and the
September 14, 1983 merger agreement between the
Organization, The Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe
Railway Company, and the Toledo, Peoria and Western
Railroad Company, so as to have been subject to the
New York Dock conditions where yard, train and engine
service employees were concerned?
POSITION OF THE PARTIES:
The Organization: The Organization's position in this dispute is based
on its perspective on the history of the events leading to the Parties'
September 14, 1983 Memorandum of Agreement. It points out that the ICC,
in its approval of the 1984 merger of the Carrier and TP&W, clearly
imposed New York Dock protective conditions. Therefore, because of
the carrier's "adamant" position at the time and its assurance that the
1984 merger with the TP&W would not cause any dismissal, displacement
of employees or other rearrangement of forces, a standard New York Dock
Implementing Agreement was not required. Nonetheless, at the insistence
of the Organization, the parties conferred and formulated the September
14, 1983 Agreement. Although the Organization submits that the 1983
Memorandum of Agreement is not the "standard" New York Dock Implementing
Agreement, the Organization contends that the Agreement was a voluntarily
negotiated document which has been incorporated as part of the Schedule
Labor Agreement. Finally, it argues that this Agreement shows the
mutual intent of the parties to reach an Agreement beyond the requirements imposed by the ICC. To support this contention, the organization
cites what it calls the clear language of the September 14 agreement
which states that "...if at some future date the Santa Fe-TP&W undertake a transaction that caused dismissal yr displacement of employees,
or rearrangement of forces, the parties will meet to implement application of New York Dock Conditions ...".
With respect to the question of whether the sale by the Carrier of
the former TP&W was a "transaction" as that term is used in New York
Dock and within the meaning and intent of the parties' September 14,
1983 Agreement, the Organization argues that an acquisition having as
its objective the operation of a railroad property or line of road
which requires ICC approval can have no other meaning. When so contending, it also relies upon certain past Awards which have delt with
similar facts and circumstances as found in this dispute. The subject
of the disputes in those Awards, the organization observes, rested on
the notion that, "but for the merger", the Carriers would not have sold
segments of the merged line. In this instance, the Organization relies
upon a sequence of related events over a period of time to show that
the Carrier's lack of action in certain situations caused a deterioration
of TP&W operations. Specifically, on this point, the organization states
that when Conrail in July 1981 cancelled joint rates and routes with
TP&W (an action it also took with other rail Carriers over other routes),
the Carrier did not appeal the action to the ICC. However, the other
affected Carriers appealed the Conrail decision affecting their routes
and, on appeal, obtained successful court decisions to overturn the ICC
ruling. The Organization argues that, had the Carrier joined the other
Carriers in their protest, the Carrier also would have received a favorable decision, finding that Conrail failed to establish that its July
1981 cancellation was consistent with the public interest. Therefore,
it argues, that "but for" the merger of the TP&W and the Carrier, the
TP&W would have remained viable and independent in its role as a "bridge
carrier" because the ICC would have required restoration of the routing
via Logansport. In effect, the Organization claims that because the
Carrier did not attempt to overturn the ICUs 1982 decision, the TP&W's
"integrity as a bridge route Carrier was destroyed". The Carrier's
indifference to the Conrail route cancellation, the organization maintains, was the major factor in the loss of the Peoria Subdivision traffic base.
In summary, it argues, for all of the foregoing reasons, that the
questions at issue here should be decided in the organization's favor.
The Carrier: At the outset, the Carrier contends that there were two
major events wholly unrelated to the merger and beyond its control that
caused it to make the decision to sell the Peoria Subdivision to TPWA.
The first was that, after Conrail cancelled joint rates and routes with
the TP&W, there was a steady decline in carloadings. And second, the
organization refused to agree to work rule changes that may have lowered
the cost structure of the Peoria Subdivision. Moreover, in an effort
to enhance the overall profitability of the Peoria Subdivision, the
Carrier notes that it sold a former portion of the TPW (the "Keokuk
line") to a noncarrier. However, it points out that the Keokuk sale,
which resulted in the abolishment of one regular train run and four
jobs, did little to resolve the overall problem. The Keokuk line
divestiture was made pursuant to the ICUs basic jurisdiction under
Interstate Commerce Act, section 10901, the same section under which
the sale of the Peoria Subdivision was sanctioned by the ICC. The
Carrier also points out the ICC refused to impose labor protective
conditions in the Keokuk line sale as it did later in the Peoria Subdivision sale. Additionally, it argues that its major reason for its
sale of the Peoria Subdivision was the loss of traffic and revenue
and that this contention is bolstered by a January 23, 1987 New York
Arbitration Committee decision (AT&SF and UTU: Fredenberger) which
held that the cancellation of two regular Peoria Subdivision trains had
no causal nexus to the 1984 merger. That Award further held that the
two trains were halted because of a decline in business. The Carrier,
therefore, maintains that given this finding of fact and holding, this
Arbitration Committee should embrace the doctrine of "collateral
estoppel" and deny the claim on that basis.
With respect to the organization's reliance upon the September 14,
1983 Agreement, the Carrier basically contends that, because this
Committee was constituted under Article 1, Section 11 of New York Dock
conditions, it is bound by the terms of those conditions. One of those
conditions requires us to determine whether or not a particular employee
was affected by a "transaction" as that work is defined in the conditions
themselves.
The Carrier contends that the 1983 Agreement must be viewed in the
context in which the Agreement actually was negotiated. It submits
that the Agreement came about entirely because of the August 23, 1983
ICC order. Therefore, the September 1983 Agreement was executed in
anticipation of a statutory "transaction", meaning an action subject
to ICC approval and upon which New York Dock conditions would be placed.
It argues that the organization's assertion that the September 1983
Agreement is the only controlling authority in this matter is erroneous.
Finally, the Carrier maintains that because TPWA (the purchaser of
the Peoria Subdivision) was not a railroad holding or operating company
before the sale, the sale was an exempt Interstate Commerce Act,
Section 10901 short line transfer to a "noncarrier". If this is the
case, then with respect to the Organization's request for employee protection, the Carrier argues that those portions of the ICA which apply
in mergers between two existing railroads are not applicable in this
case, i.e., New York Dock Conditions do not apply. In summary, the
Carrier maintains that by executing the 1983 Agreement there was no
intent to protect employees against the consequences of other future
developments which do not carry with them employee protection.
It contends that the organization's arguments must fail because
the New York Dock conditions imposed at the time of the 1984 Santa Fe
and TP&W merger do "not carry over" to the sale of the Peoria Subdivision
several years later, because the sale was separately approved by the
ICC under Interstate Commerce Act, Section 10901, a class of transaction
which did not impose employee protective conditions.
FINDINGS: In arriving at cur Findings and the Award, the Committee has
carefully reviewed and considered the submissions of the Parties, the
various arbitral Awards and other related holdings and decisions as
well as the skillfully presented and forceful arguments of the parties'
advocates.
As properly argued by the Organization, the key question here is
whether the sale of the Peoria Subdivision was a "transaction" within
the "meaning and intent" of the September 14, 1983 Agreement. It is
apparent that, but for that document, the Organization's claims would
not have been progressed. Specifically, the language in that Agreement
which states that "... if at some future date Santa Fe -TP&W undertakes
a transaction, or rearrangement of forces, the parties will meet to
implement application of New York Dock Conditions ..." provides the
main basis for the organization's position. Certainly, its arguments
have demonstrated a rational basis for its position in this matter.
However, it was not able to overcome what we view as convincing evidence
which supports the Carrier's posture in this dispute.
The evidence is clear and convincing that throughout the handling
of the case the Organizaticn has unsuccessfully sought New York Dock
protective benefits. This is shown by a series of opinions and orders
in the record before the Board. Moreover, in its initial appeal of
November 13, 1987, which triggered the formal appeal process to this
Committee, the Organization requested a meeting to implement application
of New York Dock conditions. Therefore, throughout the handling of
this matter with the ICC, the courts and the exchange of correspondence
on the property as well as meetings on the property, the evidence shows
that parties thought in terms of New York Dock conditions. Therefore,
on that basis and because this body has been constituted under Article 1,
Section 11 of the New York Dock Conditions, we are compelled to apply
and measure the key factual event within the framework of New York Dock.
These facts show that the cause of job or
earning loss
was the
sale of the Peoria Subdivision on February 3, 1989. Accordingly, the
question is whether that sale was a
"transaction" as
that term is defined
by the ICA and New York Dock
conditions. Over
many years, a "transaction"
has been well-defined to mean any action taken pursuant to an authorization of the ICC on which the New York Dock
conditions were
imposed.
In the case at hand, the purchaser of the Peoria Subdivision was a
"noncarrier" corporation. It was a sale governed by Interstate Commerce
Act, Section 10901, a property exchange and, thus, not a "transaction"
subject to regulation under Chapter 113, Subchapter 111 of the Interstate Commerce Act, 49 U.S.C. 11341-11351. This sale, like the Keokuk
line sale, was governed by Section 10901 which also did not provide
protection benefits to the employees. We note that the Keokuk line was
also a part of the former TPW so that the September 1983 Agreement
would have had the same application or
meaning as
for the Peoria Subdivision sale. However, no claims for New York Dock protection were
filed when the Keokuk line was Oold. Additionally, we note that the
record establishes that a series of court
opinions and
orders have
rejected employee protection with respect to the sale of the Peoria
Subdivision.
In summary therefore, we find that TPWA was a noncarrier corporation, that the sale that caused this dispute was taken under Interstate
Commerce Act, Section 10901 and that the ICC expressly and specifically
refused to apply the
conditions of
New York Dock. Therefore, there was
no "transaction" as that term is used under New York Dock.
In light of the above, this Arbitration Committee must deny the
claim of the Organization.
AWARD
The claim is denied.
za,:~:
Charles L. Little Eckehard uessig James . Ha
Organizatio _!re, r ~~ Neutral Member Carrier Member
?222
Dated
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